★ Exam Description
　　 The Routing exam (RTING 640-603) is one exam within two different series of exams required to achieve either CCNP or CCDP Routing and Switching certification.
　　★ Exam Topics
　　 The following topics are general guidelines for the content likely to be included on the Routing exam. However, other related topics may also appear on any specific delivery of the exam.
　　■. Routing Principles
　　 * List the key information routers need to route data
　　 * Describe classful and classless routing protocols
　　 * Compare distance vector and link-state protocol operation
　　 * Describe the use of the fields in a routing table
　　 * Analyze a routing table, and test connectivity using accepted troubleshooting techniques
　　■. Extending IP Addresses
　　 * Use VLSMs to extend the use of the IP addresses
　　 * Explain if route summarization is or is not possible for a specific addressing scheme
　　 * Configure an IP helper address to manage broadcasts
　　■. Configuring OSFP in a Single Area
　　 * Explain why OSPF is better than RIP in a large internetwork
　　 * Explain how OSPF discovers, chooses, and maintains routes
　　 * Explain how OSPF operates in an single area NBMA environment
　　 * Configure OSPF for proper operation in a single area
　　 * Verify OSPF operation in a single area
　　■. Interconnecting Multiple OSFP Areas
　　 * Describe the issues with interconnecting multiple areas and how OSPF addresses each
　　 * Explain the differences between the possible types of areas, routers, and LSAs
　　 * Explain how OSPF supports the use of VLSM
　　 * Explain how OSPF supports the use of route summarization in multiple areas
　　 * Explain how OSPF operates in a multiple area NBMA environment
　　 * Configure a multiarea OSPF network
　　 * Verify OSPF operation in multiple areas
　　■. Configuring EIGRP
　　 * Describe Enhanced IGRP features and operation
　　 * Explain how EIGRP discovers, chooses, and maintains routes
　　 * Explain how EIGRP supports the use of VLSM
　　 * Explain how EIGRP operates in an NBMA environment
　　 * Explain how EIGRP supports the use of route summarization
　　 * Describe how EIGRP supports large networks
　　 * Configure Enhanced IGRP
　　 * Verify Enhanced IGRP operation
　　■. Configuring Basic Border Gateway Protocol
　　 * Describe BGP features and operation
　　 * Describe how to connect to another autonomous system using an alternative to BGP, static routes
　　 * Explain how BGP policy-based routing functions within an autonomous system
　　 * Explain how BGP peering functions
　　 * Describe BGP communities and peer groups
　　 * Describe and configure external and internal BGP
　　 * Describe BGP synchronization
　　 * Configure a BGP environment and verify proper operation
　　■. Implementing BGP in Scalable Networks
　　 * Describe the scalability problems associated with internal BGP
　　 * Explain and configure BGP route reflectors
　　 * Describe and configure policy control in BGP using prefix lists
　　 * Describe methods to connect to multiple ISPs using BGP
　　 * Explain the use of redistribution between BGP and Interior Gateway Protocols (IGPs)
　　 * Configure a multihomed BGP environment and verify proper operation
　　■. Optimizing Routing Update Operation
　　 * Select and configure the different ways to control routing update traffic
　　 * Configure route redistribution in a network that does not have redundant paths between dissimilar routing processes
　　 * Configure route redistribution in a network that has redundant paths between dissimilar routing processes
　　 * Resolve path selection problems that result in a redistributed network
　　 * Verify route redistribution
　　 * Configure policy-based routing using route maps
　　 * Configure redistribution between different routing domains and verify proper operation
　　 * Configure policy-based routing and verify proper operation